How can you improve your credit score?

It's virtually impossible to change your score in the time between when most people decide to buy a home or refinance their mortgage and when they apply. So the short answer is, you really can't "on the spot." However, depending on the situation there are times when we can do a rapid rescore.  The best solution is to apply for a mortgage before you sign a contract so that you know you are in good shape.  A 675 score may get you approved, but a 700 score may get you a better rate and it could be a simple matter to get your score up, such as just paying down a credit card balance. So there are strategies you can live with to make sure when you apply for a loan your score is as high as possible.

Make sure that the information each of the three credit reporting bureaus has on you is consistent and up to date. Order a copy of your credit report about once a year, and dispute any inaccuracies.

Note: Theoretically, if a series of credit reports is requested on your behalf during a limited amount of time, your score goes down until time passes without any inquiries. Changes in the law though have made "consumer-originating" credit report requests not count so much. Also, a series of requests in relation to getting a mortgage or car loan is not treated the same as a number of credit card requests in a limited time. This is because the credit bureaus, and lenders, realize that people request their own credit reports to keep up with what's on them, and smart consumers shop around for the best mortgage and car loans.

Unsolicited credit card solicitations in the mail don't count against your credit report, so don't worry.

The two main components of your credit score are your payment history and the amounts you owe. Bankruptcy filings and foreclosures, which can stay on your credit report for as many as 10 years, can significantly lower your score. It's never a good idea to take on more credit than you can handle.  But you should have some open accounts, some established credit.  It can be hard to convince a lender to loan someone $100,000 if you can't prove that you can pay back $500. 

Late payments work against you. It's extremely important to pay bills on time, even if it's only the monthly payment.

Dont "max out" your credit lines. Since the size of the balance on your open accounts is a factor, lower balances are better.  A good rule of thumb is to owe less than 50% of your credit limit on revolving accounts. 

It's said that by carefully managing your credit, it's possible to add as much as 50 points per year to your score.